Cleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure

cultural and critical theory library Open source archive of ebooks, texts, videos, documentary films and podcasts Pages * Home * List of major critical theorists * What is Critical theory ? * What is Frankfurt School ? * Support Critical Theory Library * Contact This Blog This Blog | | ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form Home  » texts  » History amp; Class Consciousness: Preface by Georg Lukà ¡cs (1923) Thursday, February 3, 2011 History amp; Class Consciousness: Preface by Georg Lukà ¡cs (1923) Share History and Class Consciousness Preface THE collection and publication of these essays in book form is not intended to give them a greater importance as a whole than would†¦show more content†¦His effectiveness rests on the fact that he has developed the practical essence of Marxism to a pitch of clarity and concreteness never before achieved. He has rescued this aspect of Marxism from an almost total oblivion and by virtue of this theoretical action he has once again placed in our hands the key to a right understanding of Marxist method. For it is our task — and this is the fundamental conviction underlying this book — to understand the essence of Marx’s method and to apply it correctly. In no sense do we aspire to ‘improve’ on it. If on a number of occasions certain statements of Engels’ are made the object of a polemical attack this has been done, as every perceptive reader will observe, in the spirit of the system as a whole. On these particular points the author believes, rightly or wrongly, that he is defending orthodox Marxism against Engels himself. We adhere to Marx’s doctrines, then, without making any attempt to diverge from them, to improve or correct them. The goal of these arguments is an interpretation, an exposition of Marx’s theory as Marx understood it. But this ‘orthodoxy’ does not in the least strive to preserve what Mr. von Struve calls the ‘aesthetic integrity’ of

Clear and Customer Friendly Loyalty and Relationship Marketing Term Paper - 1

Essays on Clear and Customer Friendly Loyalty and Relationship Marketing Term Paper The paper â€Å"Clear and Customer Friendly Loyalty and Relationship Marketing† is an  excellent version of a term paper on marketing. This is a report targeting the audience of the CEO of a fictitious company looking at giving a detailed analysis of Customer Loyalty and Relationship Marketing. The report handles the introduction to the study and goes ahead to give the background information on the concept of Customer Loyalty and Relationship Marketing. The statistics have it that customer loyalty and relationship marketing have a positive influence on the issue of retention of customers in a company. The report goes further to look at both the company's aim and scope, which are generally geared towards getting not just satisfied but also delighted customers. The central issue of the company Customer Loyalty and Relationship Marketing is given a wider look and broadly discussed. Both the issue of managing value through preset loyalty programs and the advantages that accrue t o both the customer and the company as a result of ensuring that customers are retained are discussed. The last section will look at the study findings herein referred to as survey findings, the conclusion, and recommendations.Study in relationship quality indicates that more companies are capitalizing on the firm customer as well as supplier links so as to acquire valuable information on the best ways to serve customers and suppliers as well as coming up with strategies to keep them away from the company’s competitors. A researcher explains that relationship quality has a significant impact on the quality acknowledged by customers. On the other hand, another study put forward that the satisfaction of customers and the quality of services offered has a significant impact on relationship quality. It is indicated that customer loyalty is greatly influenced my confidence as well as satisfaction with the vendor, whereas other studies are of the opinion that confidence, demand, in corporation as well profits of the company have a big influence on customer loyalty. The study on customer loyalty indicates that the quality of the relationship that exists between the involved parties is important in determining the loyalty of customers. Although, there has been no agreement on the matter concerning the dimensions of relationship quality, the little practical fact on the nature and amount of the general impact of customer loyalty on service quality (Berry, 2003, p. 25-28). This research is aimed at identifying the relationship quality dimensions that facilitate qualified services firms to come up with lasting relationships with their customers so as to maintain the loyalty of these clients.Background informationIt has been accredited that customer loyalty and relationship marketing has a positive influence on the issue of the retention of customers in a company. However, the subject of getting to understand the things that may prompt a client to be loyal to a firm is one of the most important issues that require more emphasis. The study has highlighted various approaches to relationship quality although a consensus has not been arrived at, so far. The study evaluates clearly the dimensions of relationship quality that relates positively to customer loyalty that will be further provided. Communication is the major element of a company relationship, commencement, as well as progress. In addition, it is a variable that is mostly measured so as to approximate the progress of relationship with the clients of the company as this will help the company to determine the loyalty of its customers. In the perspective, of customer loyalty and relationship marketing, communication entails maintaining a firm relationship with loyal customers of the company, supplying consistent and timely information on the services offered or the intended changes and modification of services and practical teamwork whenever a problem arises (Callaghan, 1995, p. 10-65). The objective of communication is to establish a joint understanding in the early stages of relationships, the progress of customer loyalty and to encourage preferred decisions of the customers. Customers are supposed to feel the company is exhibiting authentic interests in customers themselves, and in their demands, obligations, value systems and in a convincing manner, introduce new products and services. In addition, they should actually make sure that the company values feedback, as well as make sufficient decisions.

Nigeria Labor Practices and Policies Free Essays

string(35) " of the entire population in 1985\." For the past years the company has been experiencing hampered development in terms of production and distribution of our clothing line. This slow setback has been seen as a result of inadequate marketing railing against exposure and product brand recall. Erroneous decisions in market positioning have also been some of the factors that resulted to poor outcome thus hindering the company’s gain for profit. We will write a custom essay sample on Nigeria Labor Practices and Policies or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper is geared towards exploring new avenues with regards to new locations in the clothing line market. We would try to investigate three referred locations in countries in Latin America and Africa, namely Bolivia, Sri Lanka and Nigeria. As part of our initial recommendation, this paper would be focusing its first part of the report to the country of Nigeria. Based on preliminary investigation done, Nigeria is being viewed as the most conducive and most advantageous among the three countries in this case study. All of the necessary issues and concerns would be tackled and be briefly discussed on the foregoing items. Like any other sovereign country, labor policies in Nigeria are being controlled and monitored by the government. Labor union practices are allowed by the state, as part of the international community, Nigeria has signed and ratified the International Labor Organization’s (ILO) convention on freedom of association and the creation of labor union. however, prior (military) rulers recognized a single central labor body, the Nigerian Labor Congress (NLC), thereby de-legitimizing other unions. Except for members of the armed forces and selected employees essential by the government, Nigerian workers in all levels may join trade unions and strike. Employees essential to government operations include firefighters, police, employees of the central bank, the security printers (printers of currency, passports, and government forms), and customs and excise staff. Collective bargaining is widespread in many sectors of the economy. Nigerian law specifically the Nigerian Industrial Courts, an independent arm of the judiciary protects workers from retaliation by employers for labor activity. In terms of the protection of Nigerian Children against child labor, Nigeria’s 1974 labor decree prohibits employment of children under 15 years of age in commerce and industry and restricts other child labor to home-based agricultural or domestic work. The law further stipulates that no person under the age of 16 may be employed for more than eight hours per day. The decree allows the apprenticeship of youths under specific conditions Labor laws in Nigeria also enforce strict compliance on the safety of its workers. Just compensation for injured workers and dependent survivors of those killed in industrial accidents are rigorously being imposed on employers. Cultural Attitude Towards Women and Children As in many ethnically diverse countries, women’s role in Nigeria is based on ethnic and regional differences. Majority of the Nigerian women that are still secluded under Islamic beliefs and principles are commonly less educated and sometimes hindered from formal education. Most of urban Nigerian Women are working as stall vendors operating small stalls. Even in elite families of the society, Nigerian women’s presence in social gatherings and other functions are either non-existent or very controlled. However, in contemporary times Nigerian women’s presence in modern society is rising but is still a long foreseeable future for Nigerian women’s role in a country dominated by the principles of old of the male gender. Children are treated as a part of the minority of the society. As mentioned on labor laws being enforced by the government, children are allowed to work providing they are not below 16 years old. In western nations the legal working age of children or minors are 18 and above, this fact just shows that opportunities for children to work is open at a younger age in Nigeria. At present, Nigerian fashion is greatly influenced by both Nigerian ethnic culture and western influence. The presence of diverse style in terms of influences has come a long way in Nigerian fashion. Many noted personalities in the country evolved as icon in the Nigerian fashion industry, many of them have international recognition. Nigeria has designers like Maufechi, Divine, Monami, Kess Jabari, Meggito to mention a few. The presence of Nollywood, the cinematic center of Nigeria similar to that of Hollywood serves as a typical role model to the existing fashion statements in Nigeria. Opral Benson, an African fashion designer par excellence describes fashion as; â€Å"Fashion is continuously changing. You cannot compare the fashions of these days†¦.. Fashion is something which is local, national and international. In short, fashion all over the world is a quite dynamic phenomenon. Fashion trends evolves from ethnic to modern styles, rejuvenating the fashion of early years in Africa towards the influences from Europe and Western countries specifically Afro-American fashion statements from the US. Famous brands from western designers like Versace and Tommy Hill Figger is presently being adored by upper class society in Nigeria, thus only proving that blends in fashion is striving gracefully in the country. Nigeria being the most populated country in the African Continent is considered as a third world developing country. Its people are ethnically divided and have some 250 ethnic groups, with varying languages and customs, creating a country of rich diversity. According to Country Studies, US ; About 70 percent of all Nigerians were still living in farming villages in 1990, although the rural dwellers formed a shrinking proportion of the later force. It was among these people that ways of life remained deeply consistent with the past. Nigerian economy is at its recovery and development stage and is presently undergoing massive reforms to uplift the countries economic standing. The importance of formal education has been one of the primary concerns of the Nigerian Federal Republic and has become the largest social program of the government. At present more than 47% of the age group of 5 to 14 years old have attended primary to secondary schools. The secondary level age-group (ages fifteen to twenty- four) represented approximately 16 percent of the entire population in 1985. You read "Nigeria Labor Practices and Policies" in category "Papers" English is the official mode of instruction above the secondary level of education. Federal Republic is the form of government of Nigeria. Historically, Nigeria re-achieved democracy in 1999 after a sixteen-year-long interruption by a corrupt and brutal series of military dictators and counter-coups. Corruption is still one of the worse problems that the government is facing. Nevertheless and as always in a third world government, new reforms are being undertaken to subdue art of this problem. The Club of Paris considers the economic reforms and policies of the present government under the leadership of President Olu gun ? basanj? is being considered strong and formidable. With a positive outlook, it must be important to note that the prevailing advantageous situation existing in the Federal Government of Nigeria is in sum conducive and serves as a credible prospect to establish a boutique and a manufacturing plant. The existing labor laws of the country are favorable to the type of employment that the plant will need in its operations. The improving educational level of attainment and literacy rate of the prospective employees will be a key factor in streamlining plant and factory operations. The countries demographics being the largest population in West Africa and social conditions as mentioned on previous case finding points out considerably fair in attaining production growth in terms of sales and distribution of primary clothing line. Government reform policies in its economy and foreign policies will trigger our company’s goal to expand and export high quality products produced in the Nigerian based manufacturing plant. Last but not the least, the high fashion sense of Nigerians in terms of garments, in diverse influence and style will be a vast market for our products. The presence of a moving industry like Hollywood will serve as a high level market trend setter that would provide consistent promotion of our clothing line. In summation, Nigeria will not only serve as a good place to establish a manufacturing plant but will also provide the company s a vast market to distribute our products. A country situated in central South America with the present Unity Government headed by President Evo Morales of the Movement Towards Socialism (MTS) Party. The country is highly dominated by indigenous people of Bolivia comprising almost 65% of its population. Bolivia experienced several military government takeovers in the past 5 decades. In terms of Economy, Bolivia is one of the least developed countries in South America and remains to be the poorest among its neighboring nations. Around 65% of the countries population are considered agriculturally dependent and still lives in poverty. The social condition of Bolivia hinders its opportunity to grow as nation. With a large number of grievances coming from the majority of Bolivian indigenous people, ranging from issues like poverty, labor disputes, political issues among other things. Bolivia is still experiencing traditional division of classes of which the working class remains to be in destitute. Political instability has been also a great factor in the slugging economy of the country. The presence of several political parties with contradicting policies and principles thwarts the countries emancipation from political turmoil. Disputes between labor and the state deepened under military rule. Bolivia was a country torn apart by regional, ethnic, class, economic, and political divisions. In terms of education, the present negative standing of Bolivian Government delays the development of general education in the country. Data from US Country Studies on Bolivia detects; Dropout rates also remained extremely high. Only one-third of first graders completed the fifth grade, 20 percent started secondary school, 5 percent began their postsecondary studies, and just 1 percent received a university degree. Dropout rates were higher among girls and rural children. Only about 40 percent of rural youngsters continued their education beyond the third grade. Since poverty is the primary problem of the country, the overall spending of an average family relatively allotted to basic necessities such as food and shelter. Overall the obstructing difficulties surrounding Bolivia’s national predicament and dilemma have made our conclusion that the country is the least among the three case study countries to establish a manufacturing plant and boutique. A country founded in the midst of racial difficulties, diversified religion and relatively unstable political system. Having a similar caste system as India, its mother nation, social divisions have had a direct and weighty impact on politics. These obstacles have produced several civil wars and created dent on the national standing of Sri Lanka for the past decades. Ethnic rivalries also add unstable issues among political parties. Unsound political situation and issues regarding security have been a part of the struggle of the economic standing of Sri Lanka. Violence has continued to dominate its criminal and justice system. Enforcement of labor laws and policies are still being considered by analyst as inconsistent. Labor unions are highly politicized with a variety of organizations representing different political parties. With regards to factory and manufacturing operations, certain holidays, cultural and practices such as the working time frame of women deter and delays production. Education, however, have been a primary concern of the government. In the modern educational system of Sri Lanka, within the last four decades the rate of literacy went up to 46%, the number of schools increased by 50%. Teachers place second as part of the government workforces next to the plantation workers. With some positive notes on the standing of Sri Lanka, still the matter of security risk and political and social class instability contributes highly to the reason why our team rejected the country as a prospective location to set up and establish future manufacturing plant and boutique for our new clothing line. If such conditions and issues would be addressed in the near future, Sri Lanka might be considered and be included in future studies. How to cite Nigeria Labor Practices and Policies, Papers

Alexander the Great Essay Example For Students

Alexander the Great Essay Alexander the Great Essay By Kenneth W. Dunn Professor Diane Gordon UMUC HIST115 Spring 2005 Introduction Alexander III was born on July 20th, 356 BC to King Philip II and Olympias. He was born in Pella, Macedonia. In 343 BC Aristotle was hired to educate Alexander at the age of 13. In 338 he commanded for the first time the Calvary during the battle of Chaeronea. Alexander ascends the throne of Macedonia in 336 BC after the murder of his father, King Philip II. 336-323 BC is when he started his empire, conquering kingdom after kingdom. Why was Alexander the Great? Alexander III was known as Alexander the Great to his people from 336-323 BC. Why to this day do we still look at Alexander the Great as one of the greatest rulers of the world? Even though Alexander ruled for only 13 years as king of Macedonian what made him gain the title as Alexander the Great? Should he be known for it because of his military skills, his popularity with his people or his leadership skills? Why did Alexander deserve to be called the Great? He was not the first of his time to be called it. There were two others before him that were called the Great, the Persian King Cyrus the Great and the Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses the Great. To this day his leadership skills are still considered by military experts as being the most outstanding commanders of all time. Alexander was able to motivate and inspire his troops to fight any battle for him by leading his troops, talked to every single troop and received the same wounds that they did. One thing that can only be marveled at is the over whelming factor, his charisma. He was the only individual that was able to hold together an empire together. After his death the empire fell apart into competing kingdoms. Alexander III is known to have helped shaped the world the way we know it today. Persians, Egyptians, Babylonians were eastern cultures that dominated the world until Alexander came into rule. He changed the focus on civilization from the eastern to the western societies, Greece and Rome. Alexander took the gold reserves of the Persian Kings and minted it into currency, using his resources to build new cities while continuing his conquest of other kingdoms. This enabled the Greek civilization to spread through out the known world and improving trade relations and activities. Alexander established an economic system that remained active until the industrial revolution in the 18th century. The limits for the inhabited earth at the time was established by him and remained so until the 15th century, before the voyages of the Portuguese and Spanish. Darius III, King of Persian, was one of Alexanders opponents during his rule of Macedonia. Persian was a vas empire that stretched from Egypt, the Mediterranean Sea, India and central Asia. Darius was Alexanders greatest foe and he faced Darius army, which was said to be incredibly large, over one million Persians in 331 BC. In 334 BC Alexanders armies wiped out a Persian defense force at the river Granicus (Turkey). In 333 Darius tasted defeat by Alexander in the town of Issus, (southern part of Turkey). It was in 331 BC, against the million man army, that Darius faced his final defeat at Gaugamela (Iraq). The battle in 334 BC took place when Alexander crossed Hellaspont with and army of 35,000 Macedonians. When they reached the Granicus River they ran into 40,000 Perians and Greek mercenaries. His army defeated 40,000 and according to history his army only suffered the loss of 110 men. At this time all of the minor states of Asia submitted to him. Alexander continued with his army southward and ran into King Darius III main army. The Battle of Issus was in 333 BC and Darius army was said to be 500,000, which is believed to be over exaggerated. During the battle Darius was cut off from his base so he fled northward at the same time abandoning his mother, wife and children. Down syndrome 2 Essay He might have escaped, but a vine caught his foot and he tripped. He was killed by some other bodyguards instantly. Philips death in 336 BC lead Alexander to succeed him and become King Alexander III. By this time, he was twenty years old. It was said that he was an incredibly handsome man and he always was clean shaven. Although he was a .